European Space Missions

Europe's first deep space mission. Giotto flew by Halley's Comet in 1986, passing within 596 km of the nucleus and providing the first close-up images of a comet.

Part of the Cassini-Huygens mission, ESA's Huygens probe successfully landed on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005, becoming the first landing in the outer solar system.

The first mission to orbit and land on a comet. Rosetta revealed the composition and behavior of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, providing groundbreaking science data.

Mapped the cosmic microwave background radiation with unprecedented precision, providing the most detailed picture of the early universe and refining our understanding of cosmology.

ESA's longest-running mission at Mars, continuously studying the planet's atmosphere, surface geology, and subsurface structure since 2003.

Europe's global navigation satellite system providing precise positioning to billions of users. The constellation of 30 satellites ensures worldwide coverage.

The world's largest Earth observation programme with multiple Sentinel satellites monitoring land, ocean, atmosphere, and climate change in real time.

Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer, launched in 2023, is on its way to study Jupiter's Galilean moons — Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa — for signs of habitability.

Laser Interferometer Space Antenna — a space-based gravitational wave observatory that will detect ripples in spacetime from massive cosmic events.

Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics — will study the hot and energetic universe, including black holes, galaxy clusters, and the cosmic web.

A first-of-its-kind mission designed to visit a pristine comet or interstellar object entering the inner solar system for the first time.